Here the physician and anthropologist Melvin Konner examines the arc of evolution to explain the relationships between women and men. Drawing on examples from Nature, Konner sheds light on our biologically different identities and the poignant exceptions that challenge the traditional man / woman division. We will meet the hunter-gatherers of Botswana, whose culture gave women a prominent place, creating the figure of the working mother and respecting the voices of women around the fire. Orientation of societies towards war and the conquest fostered extreme male dominance. But our species has been on the mend for the past two centuries, advancing unstoppably toward equality, male supremacy, and the advent of a better and fairer world for women and men alike.